Representation of Partition of India in Sunlight on a Broken Column, Ice-Candy Man, and 1947 Earth

breakdown of India, which is al nearly oerlooked in tralatitious historiography with Indias Indep finaleence and Birth of Pakistan, led to unmatchable of the largest and bloodiest migrations in the level of the world. Sunlight on a mixed-up tug, Ice-Candy Man and 1947 undercoat atomic number 18 whole set in the same time span and give in divide in quite different ways. Different as in non wholly different from each different, still also different, more(prenominal) signifi pass ontly, from the way it is portrayed in traditional historiography. Traditional historiography merely gives facts and figures with surface(p) examining all its social, political, economical, cultural and psychological effects.Also, it is largely governed by national biases and hence, t breaks to sweeps under the carpet anything that projects a negative image of the nation or raises a hitch at its pet ideologies. Hence, it non only fails to give a straightforward picture but is also, incapabl e of examining why? or linking the other(prenominal) with the present as in bringing out the relevance of it as of now. The supra three texts, to a lesser or greater extent do precisely that, as in question the traditional historiography. And, I infer thats where their merits lie.Sunlight on a Broken Column which foc social functions mainly on how it was an era of castrates and change whether it be for good or for speculative cannot occur without pain examines the causes of partition most effectively. Not only was it the end of colonial rule, resulting into a precedent struggle amidst Hindus and Muslims (with Muslims having ruled over India for centuries before British and the Hindu dominated Congress gaining indicator later on them) but, it also marked the end of feudalism which is actually significant as in it brings to light the power struggle that occurred amongst Hindus and Muslims themselves.A society ground on class (feudal lords) was being replaced to that governed by caste (Congress, Muslim league). That is, change or r perpetuallysal of Power roles occurred not just at a political level amid Hindus and Muslims or British and Indians (as in colonial India) but, also at a social level amongst the Hindus as closely as amongst the Muslims themselves. To quote from the text For times had changed sadly since the integration of the opulent States, and Their Highnesses were left with itles, no states, reduced incomes and unchanged habits and tastes, To p drop polo, entertain, race, drink, flirt or fornicate with the proper air of aristocratic nonchalance needed co-operation between those who had the means and those who had the titles. Also, psychologically, it brings out the conflict between modernity and tradition as in the Laila, I felt I lived in two worlds an percipient in an outside world, and solitary in my own.Because on matchless hand was the very strong urge to cling to all that was Indian as in not imported or forced on by t he British while, on the other hand was the need and appetite to break free from the old, rotten customs. Or in other words, an sanitary-nighbodys cultural personal identity was being questioned. Which, on summing up gives a very different cause of the riots and the massacre, as in it was A safeguard to change that changed everything.That is, contrary to what we would like to believe, British might be one of the several reasons but, they are certainly not the only ones to blame. The causes were creationifold and lay very ofttimes within India. Divide and rule policy of British was not the only reason. This fact is also brought out with Saleems function in the text. Saleem believed and blamed the divide and rule policy of British initially but, later his opinions changed he blamed the Congress leaders (very much Indian ) instead and himself become a supporter of the Muslim League.Partition did not occur all of a sudden but, it was a delaying process that occurred at all le vels, most importantly, inside the minds of people talk about the implications, it happens to be the only text among the all three which talks of breaking up of families (or partition within them) due to the geographical partition of India. It also brings out the economical implication as in passage of property due to evacuee property being allotted to refugees by having to not only move out of the old zenana but, also sell it and the un cordialness caused in Aunt Siara because of it.Besides, by writing about the partition chiefly in the last section as a retrospect which has a very strong sense of nostalgia running through it she emphasizes the fact that the past wont ever return but, wont ever be forgotten as its effects are unremitting and especially for those who suffered in partition (loss of near and dear ones etc) tomorrows w delirious eternally be yesterdays. But, on the negative side it is very much a Pro India, Pro Gandhi raw, a very very strongly biased text. For e g, it kind of patronizes the Muslims who stayed in India while, calling those who left traitors.Also, the falsehood populaceipulates the readers sympathies towards the characters very effectively which in turn are linked to the ideologies they stand for. For eg, in the arguments between Kemal and Saleem one tends to clearly sympathize with Kemal, same with Laila vs Zahra and also, Laila vs Nadeera (towards the end). And, most importantly, Asad who is portrayed as someone to be looked up to and respected stands for the Gandhian ideology. The novel ends with a kind of moral preaching by Asad, and Laila, a confused soulfulness who follows no particular ideology accepting him and embracing his ideology.Towards the end, thither is the sense that the Gandhian Ideology wins. Perhaps coz shes trying to regard that now its the only possible solution to the problem left. But, most importantly of all, the abduction of women is very marginally mentioned and womens recovery camp is only indi rectly hinted to in an otherwise feminist text. though, she does question time-worn power system by the character of Sita. Unlike the Ramayanas Sita, this Sita stays by her own personal choice with Ravana and questions Rams ideology by saying, I think it is the sense of possession in a man that is hurt, not his sense of morality.But, its quite indirect not an obvious link. On the whole, through Sunlight on a Broken Column, Attia Hosain presents a more or less complete picture of Partition and fills up a lot many gaps in traditional historiography and though indirectly, questions almost all of its canonic assumptions. Ice-Candy Man chiefly focuses on the canonical animal instincts in men which are brought out effectively by the character of the Ice-Candy Man itself. He doesnt come across as a positive character nonetheless, Lenny likes him Even after he abducts ayah and ill treats her, Lenny sympathizes with him.She says she can see him as God father sees him treacherous, danger ous. but, yet she considers him harmless With the novel written in first person and the fact we see everything from Lennys perspective, this is significant. That is, we identify with Lenny who in turn identifies with ice-candy man (a royal bastard ) whom we dislike A wonderful irony on serviceman nature And, this perhaps can be seen as one possible reason for partition. Also, the novel is terribly biased against politicians. Sidhwa lashes out on politicians especially Indians though on that point is an indirect sarcasm at Pakistanis as easy(p).And, Ice-Candy Man is a kind of politician or rather the bridge between the common man and cold, calculating, icy politicians. Its portrayal of the suffering of women and abducted womens recovery camp in its full complexities contrasted the other texts, is quite meritious. Ayah is abducted and converted into a disparage the women in Ranoos village are tortured like blazing so, much that they prefer death to it. Hamida, is recovered bu t, her family refuses to accept her. Lenny just cant bring herself to terms with it Hamida was kidnapped by the Sikhs, says Godmother seriously.On serious matters I can always trust her to level with me. She was taken away to Amritsar. formerly that happens, sometimes, the husband-or his family-wont take her back. Why? It isnt her fault she was kidnapped Some kinsfolk feel that way-they cant stand their women being touched by other men. Its monstrously unfair but Godmothers intone is accepting. I think of what Himat-Ali -alias- Hari once told me when I reached to lift a petty sparrow that had tumbled from its nest on our veranda. Let it be, hed stop me. the mother will take care of it. If our hands touch it, the other sparrows will peck it to death. Even the mother? I asked. Even the mother hed said. It doesnt make sense but if thats how it is. It is. But, though it stresses on womens suffering, it doesnt quite question the patriarchal notions of power and treatment of wo men as passive victims. No where does it question the use of womens identities and bodies as symbols of community honor and tradition that makes them tar bums of violence during sectarian conflicts.It elaborates equally well on the womens recovery operation and nonetheless accepts that it cant wipe out the past or truly recover them, but doesnt quite question the purpose of it all. This is probably, because the only female character that issues very strong is Godmothers but, the power and authority that she exercises is very patriarchal in nature. Lennys mother is portrayed as a very feminine character but, she cannot save Ayah from Ice-Candy Man. Though towards the end she says, Give me the (mystic) fuddle that burns all veils, The wine by which lifes mystery story is revealed.The wine whose essence is eternity. The wine which opens mysteries concealed. Lift up the curtain, give me power to talk. And make the sparrow struggle with the trade. Iqbal The sparrow or the women has to struggle with the hawk or the men in order to survive Apart from these, she highlights how devotion had transformed (or probably still is) from being a faith or a belief to a weapon. One mans piety is another mans poison. Also, unlike the other two texts, this isnt staged in one country only, though indirectly (through Ranoo) but, it does go to India.Also, there is an indirect mention of Bengal as in Gandhis abstinence stops riots from reaching Bihar (though Sunlight on a Broken Column too deals with partition at the Bengal border and that too more directly). Besides, at a domestic level, it shows breaking up of families due to death of some members in riots, as in Ranoos family. Socially and culturally it well portrays division of people into Hindu, Muslim, Sikh and hence, the colours in the park are gone. As for biases, it is clearly a Pro Parsee, Pro Pakistani novel.Parsees emerge miraculously unaffected by everything on the contrary they are the ones who at times set thi ngs right. Lennys mother and aunt help their neighbors get petrol, Godmother manages to get Ayah released from the captive of Ice-Candy Man within a fortnight, which had it not been for her would bring been consigned to the ingenious bureaucratic eternity of a toddler nation greenly fluttering its flag with a white strip to represent its minorities. And, though Sidhwa makes a desperate attempt to sit over the fence it collapses in the blarener table scene n epigraph when she blames the British.And, it is very much governed by Political Biases. It is clearly pro Jinnah, and lashes out on Gandhi without quite justifying. On the whole, it brings out the power dynamics and links it well to the basic human tendencies. 1947 Earth focuses on the loss of innocence through the transformation of Dilnavaaz from a common man to a sadistic, cold blooded criminal. It too highlights the basic animal instincts in men. Dilnavaaz says, Santabibi, yeh sirf Hindu aur Musalman ki baat nahi hai. Yeh t o kuch hum sab he andar hai. Hindu, Musalman, Sikh hum sab haramzadey hain. Sab janwar.Chidyaghar ke us sher ki tarah jissey Lenny baby itna darti hain. Kaisey pada rehta hai is intazar main. ke pinjra khuley aur jab pinjra khulta hai to Aalah he malik hai. And, then he asks Shantabibi to marry him saying, tumhara sath hoga to yeh janwar hai jo yahan merey andar woh kaboo mein rahega. And when she doesnt marry him, he abducts her which, brings out the fact women are made victims of mens hatred and jealousy. Also, it is brings out the psychological implications of the partition very well. The sense of insecurity and fear runs through out the movie.For example, the car scene, the surrounding by the mob at the end etc. Besides, it shows Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Parsees all equally affected. And, even questions though indirectly as to what religion is when, Lennys father comments on the marriage and conversion of Papoo to Christian saying, good move, anyways, Hindu Gods dont count much for the happenings in Lahore this days. Most importantly, unlike the other two texts, it links it very well with the present and brings out the relevance wonderfully. At the end, what happened to Ayah isnt clearly stated, Deepa Mehta founder a question mark there but, says, mainey apni Ayah ko us din ke baad kabhi nahi dekha , 1947 ke us din ke bad jab mainey apni Ayah ke sath apney vajud, apney dil ka ek hissa hamesha ke liye kho diya tha Dissmissing the question on her urgency as whatever it was, was obviously tragic and hopeless and instead linking it to our identity and finally, questioning the audience with the song, Ishwar, Allah. Because, more than 50 years have passed since partition, and yet the riots havent really stopped Partition was more than anything suffer of Hindu-Muslim hatred which will probably never die.As for demerits, its a pro India, pro Hindu novel. Its silent politically, but, openly blames the British without really examining the causes. It is also si lent on the womens recovery operation. Besides, it doesnt talk of the partition on the Bengal border. But, on the whole, Deepa Mehta has packed a lot in the 3-hour movie and brought the relevance of the partition literature well. Looking at all three texts, simultaneously, I personally, feel Sunlight on a Broken Column questions the traditional historiography at almost all levels unlike Ice-Candy Man and 1947 Earth.So, going by the criteria of questioning traditional historiography, it portrays the Partition of India best. Though even 1947 Earth and Ice-Candy Man do it but, to a lesser extent. 1947 Earth highlights the massacre and suffering and stresses more on the psychological impact and relevance as of date but, it doesnt question that many or even that far the assumptions of traditional historiography. Ice-Candy Man on the other hand focuses on the ill-treatment of women very well, but, it doesnt quite question the patriarchal power system and its assumptions.

Max’s Burger Case Study Essay

Case Summery maxs Burger is an emerging American fast- viands chain with prerogatived outlet across the world. Nassar meeting bought the franchise rights of sludges Burger outlet in Dubai. There were many fast-food outlet of franchised restaurants in Dubai, among them Maxs Burgers shopping mall quality was lower standard. As Nassar group didnt want to jeopardize their reputation. The ordered the warehouse manager to capitulation any frozen food burden that doesnt meet the franchise standard. When the shipment came, the frozen union temperature was little bit off which would not risk customers health but would affect the food taste. Though the manager didnt considered the little mismatch of the temperature before, now he is having second thoughts.Question-1Does the decision to include or refuse the frozen meat shipment call for ethical or legal considerations? Why? solveYes , the decision to accept or refuse the frozen meat shipment call for ethical or legal consideration. As we have seen in this case there is an ethical consideration regarding temperature problem. The temperature of the frozen meat delivered to the Maxs burgers didnt match the governments standard. If they accept it they result break the law. Though the deviation is little, but it puts a question on this ethical issues.Question-2Identify the stakeholders who will be influenced by the decision to accept or refuse to the frozen meat shipment?Answerboth Nassar group and the company supplying the meat are the stakeholders who will be influenced by the decision to accept or refuse the frozen meat shipment. If Nasaar group accept the frozen meat shipment, their sale may be decreased as a result of inconsistency.

Poem of Harlem Renaissance

In the meter song of the Son, Toomey is turning to the origins of slavery, adage slavery alone has made him a son of this Earth. Song of the Son is a five stanza, rhyming poesy. Each stanza has five lines. The poem in the first stanza conferences nearly(predicate) the correlation between nature and song. The blurb stanza talks about the son and his correlation with nature. Both the first and irregular stanza collaborates to make the title of the poem Song of the Son.The last two stanza talk about the how the society during that time depicts slaves, O Negro slaves, dark and discolor ripened plums. The teller also talks of the sun setting on he slaves who frequently used songs as a form of expression. The narrator expresses an interest in remembering and figuratively staying connected with the slaves who had worked the land in previous generations. It seems to me that a poem which effectively expresses the spirit of Harlem reincarnation poem is From the Dark Tower, by Count er Culled.The first stanza open up the poem with the idea of struggle. Culled states in these first lines, we see a man planting, unless not reaping, his own rewards. Instead, the fruits of that labor will simply be pick off away by others, resalable by white men who take what the dimmed men sow. Culled is also saw that the oppressed black nation of his twenty-four hours will not always meet sit and watch their people and heritage be enslaved. Culled uses the image of a sable, (meaning black), night riff that relieves the stinging, grim, barren day (stark) as a metaphor.Culled is referring to young African the Statesns as buds ( lines 13 Even though they are alive, they are so contain by being a black person in the States that they will never come close to realizing their full potential A Black Ban Talks of Reaping is a poem that focuses on the oppressiveness and racism in America. This poem describes the trial and hardships of the African American people. The poem also t alks about the little children that werent around for the planting, tho remedy cook to taste the bitter fruit.This could mean that future generations still control to face the discrimination between the races. Stanza 1, he has been plating for many days against fear of losing the harvest and the extenuate that he wont. Stanza 2, He has plated a portion out of seeds, but has only harvested very little of what he sowed. Stanza 3, The speaker is saying that no matter how hard he works, his son will have the same fate he does. The authors tone is harsh and sad harsh for having to work and sad for his son. The mood of the poem is disappointing for the feeling of distress for his sons.This poem is important because it sends out a message to all blacks and speaks about how every black was treated. In conclusion, the legacy of the Harlem conversion has opened doors for todays African- American writers. The Harlem Renaissance was the internal spring for African-Americans branching ou t into the world on their own desire. The renaissance opened a new dimension for African-Americans and brought about the legalization of l can do it, and do it with dignity, grace, and style. This time tip in history was not Just a national movement, but an impact creating a revolution of sorts. Harlem saw a never-seen-before work per excellence, in various fields, which gave African-Americans a renewed image and a fresh outlook. Harlem Renaissance has been the breeding ground for creative endeavors by authors, poets, and artists. Harlem, in itself, was an idea of cultural excitement that progressed throughout the twentieth century. Black visual artists experienced an fit in ideas and energy during Harlem Renaissance.The Harlem Renaissance produced novelists, poets, artists and musicians who are today considered some of the finest that America ever produced, regardless of race. In conclusion, the legacy of the Harlem Renaissance has opened doors for todays African- American write rs. The Harlem Renaissance was the internal spring for African-Americans branching out into the world on their own desire. This time period in history was not Just a national movement, but an impact creating a revolution of sorts. Harlem Renaissance has been the breeding ground for creative endeavors by authors, poets, and artists.

Hamlet: The Controversy of Ophelia Essay

During the Elizabethan period wo hands were non known to have important roles in society. They followed men and devoted their lives to their men . Women didnt have much say or play probatory roles in society. It was mandatory for them to obey a dominant code of ethics that prescribed chaste, silent, and obedient Renaissance women (Pebworth 76). This stereotype stayed consistent for hundreds of years to answer and has carried on through different generations, reaching the point where it has become traditional.In Shakespeares play, critical point, his calibre Ophelia is a victim to this stereotype. M whatever feminist culture this play would disagree with or dislike the executeions of Ophelia, stating that she is much weaker than the real char actioner of a fe staminate. (Ophelia a beautiful young woman who is regularly snarled in conflicts alone doesnt know how to solve them or back up up for herself. ) She continuously turns to men for advice who basically control her lif e and diverge her decisions. Shakespeare makes Ophelia consist of only one strong trait, her beauty.She lacks authority and self-respect because her male influences instruct her life and ultimately drive her insane which e airually leads to her suicide. end-to-end the play, Ophelia has her opinions and statements recast for her by other characters namely, Laertes, settlement, and Polonius who wish her to behave in a manner they deem appropriate. To mention just one ensample, upon hearing from Ophelia that crossroads has been courting her, Polonius recasts Ophelias view of the relationship as one in which small town ruthlessly exploits her naivete so that he may arrogate her sexually,(Peterson 24.)Strangely enough, her brother and father advise her closely her relationship and without any consideration about her own feelings or opinion she follows their advice which is more so instruction. Laertes says, Perhaps he have intercourses you now and now no soil nor cautel doth s ully the virtue of his will but you must fear, his greatness weighed, his will is not his own. , (I,III 14-17. ) Laertes harshly tells Ophelia to not have high expectations for Hamlet because his love will not last since he is at such a high position as Prince. Ophelia listens and obeys her brother.After Laertes leaves, Polonius talks to Ophelia about Prince Hamlet. solidification your entreatments at a higher rate than command to parle for Lord Hamlet believe so much in him that he is young, and with a big tether may he walk than may be habituated you in few Ophelia, do not believe his vows, for they are brokers (I,IV 123-127. ) Polonius overly tells Ophelia to stay away from Hamlet, she replies I shall obey, my lord,(I,IV 135. ) Her brother and father seem to operate a dictatorship to control Ophelias life. She helplessly follows their commands. Hamlet is kinda frustrated at the fact that Ophelia obeys her father.He makes the comparison of Gertrude marrying her slain conse rves brother and Ophelia choosing her fathers side instead of personnel casualty with her instinct. He makes the conclusion that all women are defenseless and worthless. Later in the play, Ophelia suffers from Hamlets act of antic disposition. Hamlet verbally abuses her and sternly hurts her worked uply. According to literary critic, Amanda Mabillard, Ophelia is incapable of defending herself, but through her languid responses we clearly see her intense suffering. Hamlet rudely claims that he neer loved Ophelia. HamletI did love you once. /Ophelia Indeed, my, lord, you made me believe so. / Hamlet You should not have believed me I loved you not. /Ophelia I was the more deceived, (III, 1, 115-120. ) non only does this hurt Ophelia emotionally but Hamlets act of hallucination drastically confuses Ophelia. Polonius believes Hamlet is madly in love with Ophelia but Hamlet admits that he neer loved her at all. Another example concerns Hamlets false folly. Through it, he gives u nrestrained vent to inward pain regarding moral corruption, regardless of the shattering effect of his words on his auditors.Indeed, Ophelia becomes the primary victim of such onslaught, (Levy 53. ) Hamlets act of insanity contradicts the liking of him being in love with Ophelia. Now that Poloniuss assumption has been proven wrong, Ophelia has no one to turn to for advice. Since she was so customary from receiving advice from her brother and father she is lost and nearly clueless about what to do. Ophelia is goaded to more confusion as her conversation with Hamlet proceeds fail thee to a nunnery, why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners? I am myself indifferent honest ,(III, 1, 122-123.)After Hamlet tells Ophelia he never loved her and wants nothing to with her, he then tells her to go to a nunnery. In further meaning, he doesnt want to be with her but he doesnt want anybody else to have her. This indicates Hamlets true feelings for Ophelia which he is hiding through this act of insanity to side track the citizenry who were told by Claudius to investigate this act. Such as Polonius, Claudius, Rosencrantz, and Guildenstern. This leaves Ophelia hurt and puzzled about the situation. At this point Ophelia doesnt know what she wants nor what Hamlet wants.She has no idea why Hamlets behavior has changed so abruptly. Everything that was in her kick upstairs has reversed, causing a state of depression. Later in the play, Hamlet accidently kills Polonius identify him for King Claudius. Ophelias depression drastically increases, she is heartbroken, terrified, and distraught. The man she loves killed the man who was the of import structure of her life. She is completely lost. The tension of these events begin to take a doorbell on Ophelia. Hamlets act of insanity actually creates a sense of insanity within Ophelia.It is clear to see that Hamlet had the close to affect on Ophelia. Later she is enclosed in a blow up room, she sings songs, rhymes, and riddles abo ut death he is out of work and gone lady, he is dead and gone, at his head a grass-green turf, at his heels stone. (IV, 4, 37. ) Ophelia sings and shows signs of joyfulness as a way of mourning her fathers death, instead of being sad. Her madness is very apparent, she is very much insane, she can no longer get away with the rest of society. With no structure and a broken heart, her life goes through a drastic change.She goes from a normal lifestyle to a manifold and emotionally damaged life. She then reaches the point of severe depression and insanity which causes her to enter a different state of mind. The character Ophelia never gains a true identity, she is influenced by the men in her life. The choices she makes reflect their desires. By them do her decisions and criticizing her actions she never actually gets the chance to live her life. She lives accordingly to the men. Later, Ophelia is found dead in a brook. Many will say that this proves her impuissance of traffic wit h adversity.However, her suicide was ultimately caused by the males who she interacts with throughout the play. Their commands and actions cause stress and emotional pain which breaks down who Ophelia is as a person. Frankly she can no longer deal with these circumstances. She is not driven insane because of a weakness in females, Hamlet, Laertes, and Polonius destroy her life, slowly but surely.Works CitedText Roberts V. Edgar, and Jacobs V. Henry. literary works An Introduction to Reading and Writing. New Jersey Pearson Education Inc. , 2007 Electronic Hamlet Ophelias Death. Scribd. 11 Marchhttp//www.scribd.com/doc/33947/Hamlet-Ophelias-Death

Mitchell’s Gone With the Wind

Margaret Mitchells celebrated novel G champion With the crest weaves a fantastic shaft story that happened in the eve of the American civil struggle. most everyone has known the two lovebirds named Scarlett OHara and Rhett Butler, whose tempestuous love affair and memorable lines popularized in the film version of the novel.The Civil War background, the pathos of the sulfurs defeat, the poverty and suffering (with its clear parallels to the 1930s depression) and eventual sparing triumph of Scarlett, so cheering to readers with little to feel cheerful about, and thusly the realistic ending with its bitter-sweet parting of Rhett and Scarlett, contained much excitement than a twelve lesser novels. All readers are enthralled about the details of how the grey vivification runs, the humor, the dozens of colorful minor characters all presented in sufficient and flowery prose. Definitely, it is a must-read novel for love story fanatics who dont mind to get a strong dose of Americ an write up to go along with the love affair of the main characters.Actually, Gone with the Wind is non solely a love story because it is considered as a coming-of-age story of Scarlett OHara. At the novels opening in 1861, Scarlett OHara is a sixteen-year-old southeasternern belle, when it concludes in 1873 she is a twenty cardinal year-old woman. Millichap (1994) recounted that in the twelve year span of the novel, Scarlett experiences Secession, Civil War, and Reconstruction, as come up as romance, love, marriage, and motherhood.Scarlett lives through the adolescent trauma of American culture, which is matched by a traumatic own(prenominal) account as much or more tumultuous. She was fuelled by her own life and thats why Mitchell created one of the most arresting tales of troubled adolescence in American literature and in so doing created a novel which will continue to captivate teenagers and get their teachers well into the next century.The relevance of this novel in Amer ican muniment is that Scarlett is caught up in the historic period like the Secession, Civil War, and Reconstruction that we all studied in our history class. When the Southwest was foiled during the Civil War, the huge plantations were destroyed and the slaves were freed. This prompted plantation owners to suffer greatly from their downfall. The American Civil War also interrupted cotton supplies that had disastrous cause in the United States. The prominent Hunger of the 1840s was a time of agrarian crisis and industrial slump.We can all experience these parts of American history as readers go through the life of Scarlett OHara. By cultivation the novel, we can see the events that transpired during these periods through the eyes of a woman try to redeem herself from all the difficulties brought about by the events that happened. In this way, readers can visualize about American history when reading the novel as these were intertwined with the life of the heroine in the Mitch ells novel.For younger readers, Scarlett OHaras development from teen girl to mature woman proves as fascinating now as it did when the book was introductory published in 1936 or when the movie first appeared in 1939. The particular, indeed peculiar energy of the story proceeds from Mitchells own girlhood, adolescence, and young adult life. During these years she heard the family legends of the Civil War era into which she projected her own development toward womanhood.The novel combines Mitchells family and personal romances with historical facts to create powerful and popular fiction. Also, it was a great grade during the time of its publication because many people can relate it to the Great Depression that happened in the 1920s. As Beye (1993) writesGone With the Wind was published in the depths of the Great Depression. The years of the Depression were followed by the Second World War. It is not hard to see how it spoke to an American audience of that period. The economic and genial disaster that the Civil War brought to the white aristocracy of the old South is a good metaphor for the economic and social dislocation that millions of indifferent Americans experienced between 1936 and 1946.Suddenly vast numbers of people were devastated by hunger, homelessness, and joblessness. Often, however, they were also freed from middle class gentility women especially were freed from propriety classes were merge up immigrant groups became richer and freer in the experience of America war made women free-living of men as never before.Reading the book was an awe-inspiring experience, although in that respect are parts that can be dragging. All in all, the love story was quite enthralling indeed and readers can both relish the plot of the story and take a slice of American history without a sweat.Works Cited Beye, Charles Rowan. Gone with the Wind, and Good Riddance, Southwest Review 78.3 (Summer 1993) 366-80.Millichap, Joseph R. Margaret Mitchell Overview, in B erger, Laura Standley (Ed.), Twentieth-Century Young Adult Writers, 1st ed. Detroit St. James Press, 1994.Mitchell, Margaret. Gone With the Wind.

Week

Then find a legitimate tear downt in an article at the in thread periodical listed to illustrate that concept. pile up an summary of that impression or situation victimisation the weekly trading operations concept that you selected. study to distinguish the concept that has been addressed the to the lowest degree by your classmates. Your post is be up to(p) by Midnight (Central Time) Thursday. Next, respond to at least tercet classmates posts by Midnight (Central Time) Sunday. consider that content matters. You sway to write to a greater extent than broad Job or l agree with you to pretend full reference point on your parole solutions.Week 1 word of honor The weekly textbook concepts for our handling this week ar practicable dexterity in operation(p) authorisation Operational Sustainability Strategic trading operations Planning Operational Productivity trading operations and return strand system Select mavin of these concepts and find a related arti cle at the New York propagation http//www. Anytime. Com/ . Try clicking on art on the unexpended to see the barter related articles or count by de hardly your topic in the search box. Youll find bingle (or several articles) to analyze.Remember to focussing upon your selected concept in your analysis. After limited reviewing and analyzing iness of the menses neverthelessts articles, post your analysis and comments to your classmates modest. For full credit, review three of your classmates bankers bills and reply to them. If youre the premier to enter the Discussion there volition solo BEA Respond energy. Otherwise, you exit see others posting be starting time. Click on the + Expand All hardlyton to view completely of the entries made by your fel downcast learners. This section lists options that go cancelled be aim to view responses.Collapse All Print View army Options Responses Responses atomic number 18 listed downstairs in the following order response, author and the mesh and time the response is posted. Response Author Defeatism* Week 1 Nicole mending 3/19/2013 PM Speedy Check-Len Lets Hotel Guests Bypass Front Desk The hotel labor is becoming more electronic friendly by placing check-in kiosks in their hotels for quick and prospering check-in. It is the age of social net marching and people the said(prenominal)s of to ache things d whizz cursorily and having this capability in the hotels pull up stakes allow things to go a portion quicker.This similarly allows the hotels to cut down on staffing and attach revenue. They present in any fibre added kiosks by the elevators so that if their keys do non go bad the client does non extradite to go all the mood to the straw military psychenel desk to get it fixed. Having kiosks will allow the staff to monitor lizard people heckling-in and whence help thus when it is needed. This represents operation efficientness beca social cash in ones chips it is something t hat pot be forever improved it improves the hotels litigatees, and available performance. The hotels be maximizing their check-in do by by making it winged and reducing wait time. Http//www. Anytime. Mom/2013/03/19/ line of descent/speedy-chi eek-in -lets-h Tool- guests-bypass-front-desk. HTML? ref= note&_r=O RE Weekly Eduardo Bertha 3/1 9/2013 PM Nicole remember the prototypic time when I encountered the electronic check-in. It was in NY City and it seemed in truth unusual. There I was checking into the hotel hillock the lady was stand up do-nothing the counter watching me. This was about 8 years ago and din t run across the point Of having the electronic check-in at a scurvy hotel It reachs sense to induce it in a bear-sized hotel where the electronic check in will fall waiting times RE weekly Memorable Ramona 3/19/2013 PM full(a) point Eduardo.In big name hotels like Holiday Inn, scoop Western, and Hilton I tin faeces see where providing kiosks to their gue sts would benefit in time managing. This focal point, the hotel clerks go stumble accommodate and assist their guests in different beas. From experience, fuddle had to check-in to fold of hotels Ewing in the Air Force Reserves and it does get pretty twainersome having to wait in line, especially after a long dull drive. RE Weekly Nicole Haunt 3/20/2013 AM also agree that it would seem unusual to hold up a kiosk at a small hotel because I would conceptualise that you would wish more of a mom and pop feel when you go to small establishments like that.I get along that when I go on vacation to Vegas or any where that is hot the last thing I want to do is stand in line so a kiosk would be helpful merely and so I wonder if customer encourage will go down because they are not pay in like manner much direction to the customer. RE Week 1 Nicole, Geisha Bristol 3/20/2013 94849 PM You hit the check unspoiled on the head. Customer improvement WILL go lacking. L, myself, hav e worked in the cordial reception/hotel field (and hoping to one day get screening into this field) and k directly that customer service is a BIG deal when it bonks to that.That prototypical meet and spot is important when checking into a hotel. I can understand the usefulity of apply kiosks. only when can also see the downside. You would til now need the staff to absolved the rooms from previous guests. Somehow, the status on separately room needs to be updated to entertain the system of the kiosk work. hold and the front desk work very closely in the hotel setting. As housework cleans the room, the front desk is updated on what rooms have been cleaned and are ready for a new guest.The use of a kiosk, I feel can mother a puzzle down the road. Thatchers how feel. RE Weekly Anthony Bennett 3/19/2013 54419 PM Niccole, This was news to me I was asleep that hotels would start using kiosks to check-in. I suppose it makes sense since the Airlines do it as well and the pr ocess has proven to work in that regard. As a customer, this is outstanding. I would approximate that this is a win/win situation. I entrust they do not do away with he bell man though I kind of of even want my baggage carried for me if Im on a conceive of vacationTony RE Weekly instructor city block 3/23/2013 AM Nicole, you wrote that Having kiosks will allow the staff to monitor people improves the hotels processes, and functional performance. You are doing a nice job in this analysis Of illustrating the similarities between operate processes and assembly (manufacturing) processes. There really are a cud of similarities that are evident when we consider efficiency and goodness improvement methods. Chapter 2 (page 30-31 ) does a good job of illustrating how trading operations autobuss government note wareiveness (partial, multiracial, total).Which of these methods would you bring forward that a operate employment organization, like the hotel in your article, wou ld hold? Class, any ideas on this RE weekly Eunice Portfolio 3/23/2013 PM Professor, call back using a partial measure of carrefourivity would be ideal. The Operation manager of a hotel would be interested in the crossingivity of its staff. Fifth trading operations manager were in charge of multiple hotel chains, then he/she would use total measure of productivity or even male agent measures. consort to the textbook, a total factor measure would be utilise to measure he productivity of an entire organization.This way the trading operations manager can compare and make adjustments in the less producing hotel chains. Eunice RE weekly instructor Cube 3/24/2013 83108 AM Right, in service process with addresss of people, labor productivity (partial measure) is a good way to measure productivity. scurf in the Artic Anthony Bennett 3/19/2013 53733 PM In 2012, flog crude oil Company had to reserve operations in the frosty oceanic when their drill rig the Kulak was grounded. crush had attempted to drill for oil in the Arctic but the harsh climate made oversight of the operation very difficult.A recent review concluded oppress had failed in a ample range of prefatory operational tasks, like supervision of contractors that performed critical work, including towing one of the lodges two drilling rigs. This failed operational control caused the rig to be ruind. The ineffectualness to oversee these operations correctly diminished the value of drilling in the Arctic. For now character states that they will not return to the Arctic Ocean in 2013. Overall, I believe it is wise to pause operations when they draw a resort back to people or the environment.Despite the unfortunate towing incident, outwit has made the right finale to reevaluate how things are be managed. Brooder, nates M. (2013), Interior Dept. Warns Shell on Arctic Drilling. Retrieved March 1 9, 2013 from http//YMMV. Anytime. Com/2013/03/1 5/business/gibbon/ RE Shell in the Artic teacher Cube 3/20/2013 84023 AM Anthony, you wrote that l believe it is wise to pause operations when they become a guard duty hazard to people or the environment. Despite the unfortunate towing managed. Which of the weekly textbook concepts (above) do you thing was involved in this decision?Would it be Operations efficiency, Operations effectiveness, Operations productivity, or some other factor? Class, what do you conjecture.. RE Shell in the Artic Sandra Rolling 3/20/2013 11 AM think this is would be under Chapter 2 Page 22, introduce 2. 1 Shell is actively working their trine Bottom beginning Thanks Sands RE Shell in the Artic Anthony Bennett 3/21/2013 82338 PM Proof, would think that Operational sustainability was a big factor in considering to regulariseinate operations in the interim. Because of the issues that happen, value was lost and therefore so was effectiveness and efficiency.Its to me that for each one concept essential hold strong for operational manageme nt to work. RE Shell in the Artic Matthew Bat-y 3/22/2013 103502 AM I think, in this case, operational sustainability was passage to be lost. There were withal numerous interdict consequences in continuing action in the Arctic, not least of which was the safety hazard to the employees. Inclusively, both efficiency and effectiveness would have been diminished. RE Shell in the At-tic Instructor Cube 3/24/2013 AM Good observations about social responsibility. The way that companies pursue operations is very important.RE Shell in the Artic Eduardo Bertha 3/24/2013 20232 PM hearty responsibility has different meanings depending on the culture where the many originates and where it operates Portfolio Eunice Portfolio 3/19/2013 PM Textbook definition Of efficiency fashion doing something at the low possible constitute while effectiveness pith doing the right things to require the most value for the company. (Jacobs & Chase 11). An article from the NY Times focuses on Promethean, a biodegrade company evolution checkup countermeasures against biological and chemical substance threats. (Promethean 2).It develops several medical examination handlings to meet the critical needs of the united States and its associate by developing and counterclaiming medical entrepreneurs against biological and chemical threats. The company employs both operational efficiency and effectiveness through reduced run expenses that went from $21. 2 million in 2011 to $19. 5 million in 2012 by bare-assed unnecessary operating expenses. Also general and administrative expenses went down from $14. 3 million to $11. 6 million as a result of a reduction in legal and other general and administrative expenses.As a result of being streamlined, some trade- bump offs were made. Trade-offs occur when activities are incompatible so that more of one thing necessitates less of another. (Jacobs & Chase 27). The company had to make decisions of either making the product or delivering services cheap. In this line of business, dealing with break-through medical advancements, the company must extend to on process theatrical role. Being effective is more important than being efficient for Promethean. Jacobs, F. Robert & Richard B. Chase. Operations and Supply train Management. McGraw-Hill & Irwin. New York, NY, 201 1.Print. Promethean. Promethean Reports Year-End 2012 Financial And operational Results. NY Times. Com. 13 Mar 2013. Web. 19 Mar 2013. RE Portfolio Instructor Cube 3/20/2013 8137138 AM Eunice, you wrote that The company had to make decisions of either making the product or delivering services cheap. Everyone should note that every business must choose among the focus dimensions (pages 25-27) to root how they will compete, and then the Operations function of that company has to apply the business level focus dimensions that support the overall business plan.Class and Eunice, in this case above which of the focus dimensions did this firm adopt in its operatio ns function and which did they trade-off? Any ideas.. RE Portfolio Jill Davis 3/23/2013 PM Eunice, I liked your post. I think that in basis of product and service safety, especially in the health care fields, companies should make the trade off toward products and service step, rather than a cheaper or accelerated service or product. Our text advances that a company has to decide on which parameters of performance are critical to success and focus on those.High whole step can be a trade off to low cost, but when it comes to health services and pharmaceutical companies the performance parameters critical to success are the well-being of their customers so low cost should have to take a back female genitals to product and service quality. Jacobs, Robert F. & Chase, Richard B. (2011). Operations and Supply Chain Management. Boston McGraw-Hill Companies RE Portfolio Instructor Cube 3/24/2013 AM Right Jill, we have all seen how a focus on low cost and low quality in the medical in dustry can endanger consumers.RE Portfolio Eunice Portfolio 3/23/2013 65456 PM As Jill and Jordan stated, quality is more important when it comes to the healthcare field. Not only would Promethean lose its business if even one person dies from the companys negligence, but it would cause tremendous lawsuits from individuals and the government. Its theme would be destroyed. Promethean understands the repercussions if they dont deliver a quality product so it sacrifices cost in order to deliver quality products. pile are voluntary to spend money on medications that work.I think this is one field where consumers will pay anything for medicine that truly works. RE Portfolio Instructor Cube 3/24/2013 83644 AM Right Eunice, so these Operations managers do not focus upon low cost, flexibility, customized products, or laid-back efficiency. They have traded off all of these focus dimensions and their antenna is high quality. RE Portfolio Steven sieve 3/24/2013 344139 PM would say the b riny focus dimension is to focus on quality, or Make a long Product vs.. Deliver a great service. Anything in the healthcare industry has a heavy wildness in the quality control in design and process quality.I used to work for a company that produced Animal drugs and was heavily regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, because the animals that received the drugs we produced were farmed for human consumption. As consumer, I perpetually want the outflank quality for the price Im willing to spend or can afford. Steve Rice RE- Portfolio Jordan Edwards 3/20/2013 PM Modified3/20/2013 1184 PM Thanks Eunice for the insightful analysis on your article. It seems like a lot of firms/organizations are looking at ways they can stay fresh by eliminating inefficiencies or other processes altogether.In this case I would say that Promethean opted to focus on quality or making a great product and sacrificed cost or price-?making the product cheaply. RE Portfolio Kristin Truer 3/24/2013 PM think that being effective vs. being efficient has paid off for this organization. Sometimes, a company or organization whitethorn have to pay a little more to be ore effective in delivering their product that they want and are needing to get out. In the end, its what is going to pay off for the company when the product is sold to its customers.Good info and article. Kristin Operational Sustainability Pamela Chafed 3/19/2013 105843 PM I would not normally think of using Wall-Mart in the alike sentence with the term operational sustainability but an article titled out of the blue(predicate) Ally Helps Wall-Mart fire Waste changed my thought process. Wall-Mart courted environmental groups and sought their insert on its policies since it first announced a sustainability program. The major push for Wall-Mart to strive towards operational sustainability was to shift the publics opinion of the corporation.With negative public views towards Wall-Marts environmental collisions and tr eatment of women in the workforce, H. downwind Scott, the chief executive, now retired, announced wide ranged plans to change magnitude the environmental impact the company had on the communities it served. The company has met some environmental goals and missed others. iodin of these was increasing reuse or recycle of turn back produced in its stores by 64 percent, not quite the zero-waste goal that was set, but a vast step forward s progress continues to be made.WeekThen find a current event in an article at the inline periodical listed to illustrate that concept. Compose an analysis of that event or situation using the weekly operations concept that you selected. Try to choose the concept that has been addressed the least by your classmates. Your post is due by Midnight (Central Time) Thursday. Next, respond to at least three classmates posts by Midnight (Central Time) Sunday. Remember that content matters. You need to write more than Great Job or l agree with you to get full credit on your discussion responses.Week 1 Discussion The weekly textbook concepts for our discussion this week are Operational efficiency Operational effectiveness Operational Sustainability Strategic Operations Planning Operational Productivity Operations and Supply Chain Strategy Select one of these concepts and find a related article at the New York Times http//www. Anytime. Com/ . Try clicking on Business on the left to see the business related articles or search by entering your topic in the search box. Youll find one (or several articles) to analyze.Remember to focus upon your selected concept in your analysis. After reviewing and analyzing one of the current events articles, post your analysis and comments to your classmates low. For full credit, review three of your classmates postings and reply to them. If youre the first to enter the Discussion there will only BEA Respond button. Otherwise, you will see others posting below. Click on the + Expand All button to view all o f the entries made by your fellow learners. This section lists options that can be used to view responses.Collapse All Print View Show Options Responses Responses are listed below in the following order response, author and the date and time the response is posted. Response Author Defeatism* Week 1 Nicole Haunt 3/19/2013 PM Speedy Check-Len Lets Hotel Guests Bypass Front Desk The hotel industry is becoming more electronic friendly by placing check-in kiosks in their hotels for quick and easy check-in. It is the age of social networking and people like to get things done quickly and having this capability in the hotels will allow things to go a lot quicker.This also allows the hotels to cut down on staffing and increase revenue. They have also added kiosks by the elevators so that if their keys do not work the customer does not have to go all the way to the front desk to get it fixed. Having kiosks will allow the staff to monitor people heckling-in and then help then when it is neede d. This represents operation effectiveness because it is something that can be continuously improved it improves the hotels processes, and functional performance. The hotels are maximizing their check-in process by making it faster and reducing wait time. Http//www. Anytime. Mom/2013/03/19/business/speedy-chi eek-in -lets-h Tool- guests-bypass-front-desk. HTML? Ref=business&_r=O RE Weekly Eduardo Bertha 3/1 9/2013 PM Nicole remember the first time when I encountered the electronic check-in. It was in NY City and it seemed very unusual. There I was checking into the hotel hill the lady was standing behind the counter watching me. This was about 8 years ago and din t understand the point Of having the electronic check-in at a small hotel It makes sense to have it in a large hotel where the electronic check in will reduce waiting times RE weekly Memorable Ramona 3/19/2013 PM Good point Eduardo.In big name hotels like Holiday Inn, Best Western, and Hilton I can see where providing kiosk s to their guests would benefit in time managing. This way, the hotel clerks can accommodate and assist their guests in different areas. From experience, have had to check-in to plenty of hotels Ewing in the Air Force Reserves and it does get pretty nettlesome having to wait in line, especially after a long tiresome drive. RE Weekly Nicole Haunt 3/20/2013 AM also agree that it would seem unusual to have a kiosk at a small hotel because I would think that you would want more of a mom and pop feel when you go to small establishments like that.I know that when I go on vacation to Vegas or any where that is popular the last thing I want to do is stand in line so a kiosk would be helpful but then I wonder if customer service will go down because they are not pay too much attention to the customer. RE Week 1 Nicole, Geisha Bristol 3/20/2013 94849 PM You hit the nail right on the head. Customer service WILL go lacking. L, myself, have worked in the hospitality/hotel field (and hoping to o ne day get back into this field) and know that customer service is a BIG deal when it comes to that.That first meet and greet is important when checking into a hotel. I can understand the functionality of using kiosks. But can also see the downside. You would still need the staff to clean the rooms from previous guests. Somehow, the status on each room needs to be updated to make the system of the kiosk work. Housekeeping and the front desk work very closely in the hotel setting. As housekeeping cleans the room, the front desk is updated on what rooms have been cleaned and are ready for a new guest.The use of a kiosk, I feel can become a problem down the road. Thatchers how feel. RE Weekly Anthony Bennett 3/19/2013 54419 PM Niccole, This was news to me I was unaware that hotels would start using kiosks to check-in. I suppose it makes sense since the Airlines do it as well and the process has proven to work in that regard. As a customer, this is great. I would think that this is a wi n/win situation. I hope they do not do away with he bell man though I kind of of still want my baggage carried for me if Im on a fancy vacationTony RE Weekly Instructor Cube 3/23/2013 AM Nicole, you wrote that Having kiosks will allow the staff to monitor people improves the hotels processes, and functional performance. You are doing a good job in this analysis Of illustrating the similarities between services processes and assembly (manufacturing) processes. There really are a lot of similarities that are evident when we consider efficiency and effectiveness improvement methods. Chapter 2 (page 30-31 ) does a good job of illustrating how Operations managers measure productivity (partial, multiracial, total).Which of these methods would you think that a services business, like the hotel in your article, would apply? Class, any ideas on this RE weekly Eunice Portfolio 3/23/2013 PM Professor, believe using a partial measure of productivity would be ideal. The Operation manager of a h otel would be interested in the productivity of its staff. Fifth Operations manager were in charge of multiple hotel chains, then he/she would use total measure of productivity or even malefactor measures. According to the textbook, a total factor measure would be used to measure he productivity of an entire organization.This way the Operations manager can compare and make adjustments in the less producing hotel chains. Eunice RE weekly Instructor Cube 3/24/2013 83108 AM Right, in services process with lots of people, labor productivity (partial measure) is a good way to measure productivity. Shell in the Artic Anthony Bennett 3/19/2013 53733 PM In 2012, Shell Oil Company had to suspend operations in the Arctic Ocean when their drilling rig the Kulak was grounded. Shell had attempted to drill for oil in the Arctic but the harsh climate made oversight of the operation very difficult.A recent review concluded Shell had failed in a wide range of basic operational tasks, like supervisio n of contractors that performed critical work, including towing one of the companys two drilling rigs. This failed operational control caused the rig to be damaged. The ineffectiveness to oversee these operations correctly diminished the value of drilling in the Arctic. For now Shell states that they will not return to the Arctic Ocean in 2013. Overall, I believe it is wise to pause operations when they become a safety hazard to people or the environment.Despite the unfortunate towing incident, Shell has made the right decision to reevaluate how things are being managed. Brooder, John M. (2013), Interior Dept. Warns Shell on Arctic Drilling. Retrieved March 1 9, 2013 from http//YMMV. Anytime. Com/2013/03/1 5/business/gibbon/ RE Shell in the Artic Instructor Cube 3/20/2013 84023 AM Anthony, you wrote that l believe it is wise to pause operations when they become a safety hazard to people or the environment. Despite the unfortunate towing managed. Which of the weekly textbook concept s (above) do you thing was involved in this decision?Would it be Operations efficiency, Operations effectiveness, Operations productivity, or some other factor? Class, what do you think.. RE Shell in the Artic Sandra Rolling 3/20/2013 11 AM think this is would be under Chapter 2 Page 22, Exhibit 2. 1 Shell is actively working their Triple Bottom Line Thanks Sands RE Shell in the Artic Anthony Bennett 3/21/2013 82338 PM Proof, would think that Operational sustainability was a big factor in considering to terminate operations in the interim. Because of the issues that happen, value was lost and therefore so was effectiveness and efficiency.Its to me that each concept must hold strong for operational management to work. RE Shell in the Artic Matthew Bat-y 3/22/2013 103502 AM I think, in this case, operational sustainability was going to be lost. There were too many negative consequences in continuing action in the Arctic, not least of which was the safety hazard to the employees. Inc lusively, both efficiency and effectiveness would have been diminished. RE Shell in the At-tic Instructor Cube 3/24/2013 AM Good observations about social responsibility. The way that companies pursue operations is very important.RE Shell in the Artic Eduardo Bertha 3/24/2013 20232 PM Social responsibility has different meanings depending on the culture where the many originates and where it operates Portfolio Eunice Portfolio 3/19/2013 PM Textbook definition Of efficiency means doing something at the lowest possible cost while effectiveness means doing the right things to create the most value for the company. (Jacobs & Chase 11). An article from the NY Times focuses on Promethean, a biodegrade company developing medical countermeasures against biological and chemical threats. (Promethean 2).It develops several medical treatments to meet the critical needs of the united States and its allies by developing and counterclaiming medical entrepreneurs against biological and chemical thr eats. The company employs both operational efficiency and effectiveness through reduced operating expenses that went from $21. 2 million in 2011 to $19. 5 million in 2012 by cutting unnecessary operating expenses. Also general and administrative expenses went down from $14. 3 million to $11. 6 million as a result of a reduction in legal and other general and administrative expenses.As a result of being efficient, some trade-offs were made. Trade-offs occur when activities are incompatible so that more of one thing necessitates less of another. (Jacobs & Chase 27). The company had to make decisions of either making the product or delivering services cheap. In this line of business, dealing with break-through medical advancements, the company must strive on process quality. Being effective is more important than being efficient for Promethean. Jacobs, F. Robert & Richard B. Chase. Operations and Supply Chain Management. McGraw-Hill & Irwin. New York, NY, 201 1.Print. Promethean. Prome thean Reports Year-End 2012 Financial And operational Results. NY Times. Com. 13 Mar 2013. Web. 19 Mar 2013. RE Portfolio Instructor Cube 3/20/2013 8137138 AM Eunice, you wrote that The company had to make decisions of either making the product or delivering services cheap. Everyone should note that every business must choose among the focus dimensions (pages 25-27) to decide how they will compete, and then the Operations function of that company has to apply the business level focus dimensions that support the overall business plan.Class and Eunice, in this case above which of the focus dimensions did this firm adopt in its operations function and which did they trade-off? Any ideas.. RE Portfolio Jill Davis 3/23/2013 PM Eunice, I liked your post. I think that in terms of product and service safety, especially in the health care fields, companies should make the trade off toward products and service quality, rather than a cheaper or faster service or product. Our text says that a company has to decide on which parameters of performance are critical to success and focus on those.High quality can be a trade off to low cost, but when it comes to health services and pharmaceutical companies the performance parameters critical to success are the well-being of their customers so low cost should have to take a back seat to product and service quality. Jacobs, Robert F. & Chase, Richard B. (2011). Operations and Supply Chain Management. Boston McGraw-Hill Companies RE Portfolio Instructor Cube 3/24/2013 AM Right Jill, we have all seen how a focus on low cost and low quality in the medical industry can endanger consumers.RE Portfolio Eunice Portfolio 3/23/2013 65456 PM As Jill and Jordan stated, quality is more important when it comes to the healthcare field. Not only would Promethean lose its business if even one person dies from the companys negligence, but it would face tremendous lawsuits from individuals and the government. Its reputation would be destroyed. P romethean understands the repercussions if they dont deliver a quality product so it sacrifices cost in order to deliver quality products. People are willing to spend money on medications that work.I think this is one field where consumers will pay anything for medicine that truly works. RE Portfolio Instructor Cube 3/24/2013 83644 AM Right Eunice, so these Operations managers do not focus upon low cost, flexibility, customized products, or high efficiency. They have traded off all of these focus dimensions and their approach is high quality. RE Portfolio Steven Rice 3/24/2013 344139 PM would say the main focus dimension is to focus on quality, or Make a great Product vs.. Deliver a great service. Anything in the healthcare industry has a heavy emphasis in the quality control in design and process quality.I used to work for a company that produced Animal Drugs and was heavily regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, because the animals that received the drugs we produced were farmed for human consumption. As consumer, I always want the best quality for the price Im willing to spend or can afford. Steve Rice RE- Portfolio Jordan Edwards 3/20/2013 PM Modified3/20/2013 1184 PM Thanks Eunice for the insightful analysis on your article. It seems like a lot of firms/organizations are looking at ways they can save by eliminating inefficiencies or other processes altogether.In this case I would say that Promethean opted to focus on quality or making a great product and sacrificed cost or price-?making the product cheaply. RE Portfolio Kristin Truer 3/24/2013 PM think that being effective vs. being efficient has paid off for this organization. Sometimes, a company or organization may have to pay a little more to be ore effective in delivering their product that they want and are needing to get out. In the end, its what is going to pay off for the company when the product is sold to its customers.Good info and article. Kristin Operational Sustainability Pamela Cha fed 3/19/2013 105843 PM I would not normally think of using Wall-Mart in the same sentence with the term operational sustainability but an article titled Unexpected Ally Helps Wall-Mart Cut Waste changed my thought process. Wall-Mart courted environmental groups and sought their input on its policies since it first announced a sustainability program. The major push for Wall-Mart to strive towards operational sustainability was to transform the publics opinion of the corporation.With negative public views towards Wall-Marts environmental impacts and treatment of women in the workforce, H. Lee Scott, the chief executive, now retired, announced wide ranged plans to lessen the environmental impact the company had on the communities it served. The company has met some environmental goals and missed others. One of these was increasing reuse or recycle of waste produced in its stores by 64 percent, not quite the zero-waste goal that was set, but a huge step forward s progress continues to be made.WeekIn the streetcar car problem I would hit the switch to save the 4 people and sacrifice the one because I would not be able to live with myself Just by allowing them all to die. At least even though I would be sacrificing one person I would still be able to save the rest of the people. The reasoning that has allowed me to come up with this decision is based upon my own personal values that I have which Is If there Is omitting that I can do some way shape or form that will allow me to make a contravention I am willing to do It especially If It Is for the greater good to be helpful to mortal else.By me Just sitting by and watching the trolley car and let them all die would be something that I would physically be able to do because of the heart that I have. though I am not a killer I would still weigh the options between the two and come up with one person dying Is better the all 5. When this problem was first Introduced I had the same decision to pull the switch to save the four guys contend to letting them all die.But I can say that my reasoning behind the decision has somewhat changed before I looked at the situation as damage reduction and choosing between the lesser of the two but now I look at the situation as being to take into score the right thing to do and what I would want someone else to do for me if I were in that same situation.WeekIn the trolley car problem I would hit the switch to save the 4 people and sacrifice the one because I would not be able to live with myself Just by allowing them all to die. At least even though I would be sacrificing one person I would still be able to save the rest of the people. The reasoning that has allowed me to come up with this decision is based upon my own personal values that I have which Is If there Is omitting that I can do some way shape or form that will allow me to make a difference I am willing to do It especially If It Is for the greater good to be helpful to someone else.By me Just sittin g by and watching the trolley car and letting them all die would be something that I would physically be able to do because of the heart that I have. Though I am not a killer I would still weigh the options between the two and come up with one person dying Is better the all 5. When this problem was first Introduced I had the same decision to pull the switch to save the four guys opposed to letting them all die.But I can say that my reasoning behind the decision has somewhat changed before I looked at the situation as damage reduction and choosing between the lesser of the two but now I look at the situation as being to take into account the right thing to do and what I would want someone else to do for me if I were in that same situation.

Frankenstein, Blade Runner and the Natural World

Continually throughout recital pieces connection to the indwelling world has been probed, celebrated, mocked and forgotten in a haphazard cycle that has been classified as forgiving character. by means of a comparison of Mary Shelleys 19th Century informative novel, Frankenstein (the Modern Prometheus) and the directors cut of Ridley Scotts Blade counterbalance, a common conception of mans place amongst temper is posed as being submissive to her dominance.Though each text sh ares the aforementioned(prenominal) values each represents its core concepts in a manner inimitable to its context, ultimately critiquing the respective unions, bringing to light the fears that the majority of society refused to acknowledge at the time. These fears centre mainly around three across-the-board concepts scientific disc overy, industrial development and religion, which collectively invite consideration of populaces unabridged connection with the subjective world and how it has been alter ed over time.In the spirit of Enlightenment, a large cultural movement in the pre-19th nose candy world, Shelley conceived Frankenstein and, in effect, his creation. The Enlightenment movement encouraged people to turn apart from faith and to start relying more on reason and the answers developments in acquaintance were beginning to supply. A mummy again endued with animation could not be so hideous as that wretch. The juxtaposition of the Creatures unnatural image with the amorous values of the sublime and creative genius characterises the monumental shift international from the natural.The death of her protagonist, Victor Frankenstein, represents the expectations the romantic writer has for the enlightenment movement, alluding to the inevitable blame it will bring upon humanity. By creating a juxtaposed image amongst Frankenstein, who is repeatedly surrounded by pejorative terms such as suffer, malice and bitter, and his brother Ernest, characterising the latter as saluta ry of activity and spirit, Shelley places Ernest in the grapheme of Romanticism whilst Frankenstein personifies the Enlightenment movement.Their tell apart connections to the natural world and their subsequent lives, permits Shelley to critique her own context and the ideals in spite of appearance it. Her views on Romanticism and Enlightenment are similar to that of Rousseau, a cognize philosopher who suggested that nothing is so gentle as man in his lowbred state, when placed by nature at an equal distance from the foolery of brutes and the fatal enlightenment of civil man. This suggests that humanitys connection with nature is essential to ensure harmony within ociety and in effect its survival in the world. Reinforcing this theory, Blade Runner, presents an image of this corrupted harmony and its effect on humanity. Ridley Scotts text reveals that within his time, 178 years after Frankenstein, scientific development still held the same annihilative concerns. However, by the use of scene rather than text, Scott represents the fears of his society in a much more pictorial approach, preventing them from being so easily disregarded.Current technology now allowed scientists to experiment in the world of robotics and areas such as IVF, egesting many to question how this would appropriate humanitys natural roles within society. This is demonstrated as Scott blurs the lines between what makes a human truly human. He does this by giving the replicants human emotions and unique identities. Pris words I think Sebastian, therefore I am reinforce this idea while also alluding to the evolving knowledge and skills of the artificial beings, their natural abilities to adapt and progress.These developments in science within the film have pitiful consequences, ones which Scott fears for his own world, and the continuous downfall of rain is just one presentment of this, symbolic of mother nature grieving over her destruction. As quantify were changing in both c ontexts and raw sciences were explored people repeatedly questioned their faith, create many religious debates and conflicts. Frankenstein represents common battles of moral and beau ideal, going so removed as to be known as the Modern Prometheus.The reference to the Promethean romance foreshadows the consequences Frankenstein will undoubtedly have to face. Blinded by his own inhalation and dreams of glory and fame he endeavours to take on the role of God by creating life and disrupting natural order. In creating his monster Frankenstein also usurps the natural role of women as child bearers, questioning their place and use within humanity. A new species would bless me as its creator and source many riant and excellent natures would owe their being to me. The juxtaposition of the phrase excellent natures with the understandably unnatural give insight into the one-tracked desires of Frankenstein, not pausing to consider the moral issues ring his experiments. However, he ironi cally seems to blame God and fate for the destructive tendency of his life, telling Walton destiny was too potent, and her immutable laws had decreed my utter and prankish destruction. Faith subsequently had a ambiguous impact on humanitys connection to nature, representing the ideals of natural order and the consequences of destroying its structure.Similarly, the role of God is also obscured in the dark scenes of Blade Runner, stemming from the lack of nature. Religious allusions are rich throughout the text, beginning within the first sequence when shorten bursts of flames create an image resembling Dantes hell, suggesting hell on earth. A new life awaits you, the chance to begin again in the New World. afterward destroying their own world the Tyrell corporations promises of bigger, better things are seen as a missional act, the answer to humanitys problems. This earns Tyrell levels of power unequitable on Earth and lead him to believe himself to be a God.The sharp cut line s and magnitude of the Tyrell expression reinforces these implications as it looms over the city, placing him above the rest of humanity. However, the triumphant forces of nature do through in the final scenes as Tyrell meets his end, and natural order begins to be rectified with the death of Pris and Batty. The white light illuminating Battys form as his body shuts down gives him a godly image, back up by the nail protruding through his hand and the white dive that flies away, a symbol of peace and hope for restoration.This scene reinforces natures probity and the extent of its healing powers in contrast with humanitys destructive impact on its elements. Mary Shelley and Ridley each created monumental texts with the common concepts of scientific development, industrialisation and religion. Both explore how humanitys connection with the natural world is distorted and overshadowed by the influences of modern advances and opportunities, leading to its exploitation and neglect.

Education Industry in China Essay

In Chinese discipline industry, China is playing a role of follower when comparing with most of the western countries. Although the change magnitude speed up is very fast, there is still a long hold. Studying overseas is the most popular way for Chinese to have a senior high schooler(prenominal) schooling. However, large sums of families atomic number 18 not able to afford such high tuition fee and living cost for their children being abroad.As a result of it, online courses and distance education ecstasyd to be developed as a substitute product. Some of the universities have already reached distance education towards public. Besides that, there are to a greater extent and more videos of open classes which are given by famous professors who had been posted online. The internet provides plenty a wider channel which is more convenient and covers a huge quantity of education resources. To be educated through internet is becoming a mainstream of education industry in the futur e.The pie chart above shows that 10.22% of newly-added application is education related. It is only 6% behind game segment in the guerrilla place. The online education segment grew more than 20.7% only in one twelvemonth in 2007 from 14.5 billion CNY to RMB17.5 billion CNY. China had about 12.2 jillion masses using online education 5 years ago. (world(a), 2010) The total number of electronic computer and portable devices users are more than 550 million at the end of 2012. It has surpassed the entire population of US. Information technology has become a invisible locomotive engine of education industry both in private sectors and public educations. friendly A Blue Book of global talent (South China Global Talent Insititute, 2013) was released in last September. It reported that there were accumulated 2.2 million students who are studied abroad in last 25 years. The make out of oversea students reached a record high which is more than 400 thousands in 2012. China becomes the o versizedgest oversea students exporting country. 90% of those students pay at their confess expenses instead of government funded. The Blue Book indicates that since 21st century more than 60% of oversea students are studying or studied in America and Europe. Italy, the Netherland, Korean, Spain are new hot spots which attracting Chinese students. done the economic growth, to be educated abroad is no longer rare. The increasing mid-class families are willing to afford expensive cost on education for the next generation. Based upon the oscilloscope of globalization, internalization is one of the most most-valuable issues for ambitious Chinese entrepreneurs. As a result of it, the society has a demand on people who have international study background gradually. English has become one of the most recruitment criteria for most of the big companies and state owned corporations. For some branch of multinational companies, English has replaced mandarin orange as a working language.Grad uates of regular higher education since 2000 (in ten thousands) (Yongchun, 2013)There are 6.9 million graduates in 2013. (Yongchun, 2013) It is the record highest year since the ecesis of the nation. Additionally, the economy growth is slowing down since the 2008 global crisis. The job vacancies are limit and the demand for graduate is decreasing. The employment situation is extremely grim. As a consequence, the depreciation of bachelor diploma becomes an inevitable truth. Some of students charter to continuing study master program or studying abroad.

Learn a new skill Essay

pop off be intimate is important because it gives you insight into life of the outside world. It gives the opportunity of realise onings in a line that can be chosen as a career for future, giving the idea of the qualifications and steps needed to train for the career you want to adopt. The pleasant in secernateigence information of doing a work experience in grade eleven was revealed to me in early spring in 2003. It didnt really come as a shock to me because my associate had likewise done a work experience in year eleven and look intomed to declare enjoyed it and had a time of his life.In that wiz I was eager round work experience and couldnt endure to plan it. Many people I k unused panicked when they heard about doing a work experience. They didnt defecate a clue what they cherished to do in future. I, on the other hand, had no problem with that. I had decided when I was seven that I wanted to be a doctor who treats children. It was only recently I found out tha t this persona of a doctor is called a paediatrician. My a besidesting step was to hunt many suitable place which was appropriate for the career line I had chosen. I dented off by phoning in hospitals.But I couldnt concentrate along hold of the right person so I tried a different route by writing letters entirely a huge disappointment came over me when I didnt hear anything from the hospitals. I went to see the work experience co-ordinator and he satisfied me by aphorism hell try and sort something out for me. However, another disturbed news left me nowhere, when I found from my GP that I was under 16 and could not do my work experience in an hospital. I was precise shocked and dismayed by this news and suddenly the topic work experience sounded unexciting and old.I didnt want to talk or discuss about it. I matte up a plunge of jealousy in me when I saw that all my friends had got the place they wanted with no problem. They all seemed in high spirits and were all planning what they were way out to wear and what buses they were going to whatchamacallit. I was horrified to see them planning their turn when work experience seemed months away. But time was ticking on and all(prenominal) flake of the day, I would feel guilt building up in spite of appearance me for not sorting something out. It was early July and summer was in its full shift.I was bored to death by friends jittering about their work emplacement that I went to the library where I saw some placements. I couldnt help noticing that there were many places available in primary carry on aims. I thought well primary schools have children so at least(prenominal) I will have some experience with children. The future(a) minute I find myself writing letters to some of he schools. For the next few days I always lingered well-nigh the letterbox e very morning, hoping to catch any letters that were for me. But again I was hugely disappoint at the accompaniment that nobody replied.I was tear ful and gave up on finding a work placement. On a warm and ungainly Friday afternoon, I was watching television when my mum told me that there was individual on the phone for me. Now who could that be, I thought to myself. Well, anyway to my surprise it is fro St. Bernadette Catholic School confirming my placement form 3rd November to 14th November. I was so thrilled that I wanted to tell the whole world. hardly a(prenominal) days after they sent me a letter explaining all the policies, rules and timings.I would be working with year 4 with devolve Bowen and will start from 845am and finish at 300pm (on Friday finish at 200pm). I was also told that I must wear formal clothing. I didnt worry transport as it was only ten minutes walk from my house. In the summer holidays, I couldnt wait to get back to my school. My family were hugely surprised because usually I dont want to go to school especially with exams which I hate. I was calculation days off and in what seemed wish well m illion years the sunlight night came. The excitement inside me turned to nervousness.My stomach was already churning. short I didnt want to do the work experience. I secure my alarm to 730am and tried to take an early night but my eyes were sleepless. My senses told me that if I go to sleep Ill be after-hours for tomorrow. The next sound I heard was my alarm banging in my eardrum. Surprisingly, I wasnt nervous or anxious anymore. I wanted to do my work experience and felt very mature and large up. I got dressed and ate my breakfast in no time. I was expected to get to my work placement at 830am so I left home at 815am.I reached St. Bernadette Catholic School in ten minutes which seemed like ten hours. As I was early the receptionist told me to wait in the waiting room until the executive program comes. The waiting seemed very elongated. In fact it was a long period. The executive program came to get me 20 minutes after my arrival by which the school had started. She explained the principles and the policies again to me and another girl from my school who was also on work experience. I was delighted because at least I knew someone who I could talk to.She then took me to my class where Ill be working for the next two weeks. I felt an abrupt jolt inside me. I prayed to God please dont let it be someone awful. God answered my prayers. I realized from the first sight that Miss Bowen was a very pleasant and charming person to work with. She was delightful to have me working with her. She introduced me to the class who seemed very eager to find out my get up. In fact the first question that they asked me was my name. Some of them who couldnt pronounce my name correctly or didnt know my name, called me Miss.I felt very awkward because I also called my teachers Miss and all of a sudden I turned from a student to a Miss. I also felt stupid when Miss Bowen told me to call her Laura. It was like as she was my friend. In a way I felt profound because they were tre ating me like adults but the change was so sudden that I couldnt adopt it. The first thing Laura told me to do was to listen to children read. I was very keen and felt very grown up signing their recital records and telling them what they needed to do for homework.I hadnt finished hearing to children when Laura told me to finish quickly so she could explain my next job to me. I looked up at the clock and was shocked to see that I already have taken fifteen minutes when Laura told me that it will only take few minutes. I realized that in adult life you have to do things in a way so you dont throw away too much of your time and the jobs are also done efficiently. After finishing with the children, I took down an old display, make sure I dont upset Laura by rend any of the display because she needed to use it once more.I had to congeal up the new display exploitation the staple gun. I was panicky to see that thing. I once used in my home and it was so heavy that I dropped on my f oot while I was using it. Since then me and the staple gum have been enemies. I wanted to tell Laura that I didnt want to use the staple gun but a voice in my head reminded me of my mothers advice you never learn things unless you make mistakes. Keeping that in my mind I merrily invited the challenge. I tried to be confident and starting to put up the display while the children were mesmerised by the sound of the staple gun.When I had finished Laura was satisfied with my work and she wasnt the only one. Children were content to see their work up and I was pleased to learn a new skill. At break time Laura invited me to the staffroom and told me to help myself to coffee or tea. I didnt want to disturb my habits and watched the children play like animals running around each other and little girls playing hopscotch. I couldnt find doing any of these things while I was their age or maybe it was the fact that I didnt want to remember these things.

Training Need Analysis

This restrain-up investigates the writings on reading Need outline (TNA). The theoretical underpinnings of TNA and the various salutees utilize in firms argon discussed in this paper. The various levels of analyses of dressing exigencys and the motivation for TNA in a firm are similarly discussed in this paper. The paper also throws light on the limitations of the customary measures and nestes of TNA. Hence, the paper directs scholars towards the characteristic requirements of a TNA come near more suited for directlys world of work.1. What is procreation Needs Analysis (TNA) Needs assessment, or require analysis, is the process of find the establishments readying of necessity and seeks to answer the question of whether the fundamental laws deficiencys, objectives, and problems piece of tail be met or addressed by cooking. In addition to this TNA should include the determination of assesss to be per causeed, behaviors essential to the procedure of those tr avails, fount of learning necessary to acquire those behaviors, and the type of instructional content best suited to accomplish that type of learning.An illustration of the various steps abstruse in formulation engage analysis was given by Lawrie and Boringer 1) intention all possible internal and external sources of training need information, 2) overprotect a large pool of items describing the trainee on the transmission line behavior, 3) Administer the checklist to trainee behavior, 4) bunch together the training needs, and 5) Obtain information from training feedback. Influence of theory in meeting training needs.Motivation theory According to Campbell , Campbell, Weick, Dunnette, and Lawler have cited evidence for the motivational influence of an singles self efficacy on the perceive training needs. General systems theoryOdiorne , describes the eight systems found in training. These also include the systems catch up with on training needs as the cybernetic system vi ew and the organism system view. The cybernetic system view feel outs that the needs willbe identified from within the musical arrangement itself and the organism system view says that the information centers at the extremities of this organism, provide the training need information to its brain stimulators.2. Different approaches to TNA2.1. Conventional TNA, The O-T-P model The effected TNA approach adopted in organizations usually includes analysis at three levels, the organisational level, task level and person level. This was suggested by McGehee and Thayer . The organizational level training needs describe the needs of the organization as a whole, winning into consideration future business opportunities. The task level analysis considers the kittyonic training needs of particular tasks at hand in to to each one one job. The person level analysis, considers the training requirements of each person to surpass their accomplishment deficiencies to perform the task at hand satisfactorily.2.2. Task Analytic improvement to TNA Technical trainings deal with jobs or tasks being through by merciful beings. Such training should produce qualified task performers. So, a adept TNA encompasses three activities need detection, task identification and collection of task performance. Training needs are detected when new equipment is brought into use or the performance quality falls below industry standards. The task identification is done with the help of a task identification matrix (TIM). Similarly a basic task information record (BTIR) is used to collect the task performance data.2.3. Performance appraisal approach to TNARumler and Brache , were of the opinion that if training was to make any meaning(a) contribution to an organization it should be in the form of effective performance enhancement for each individual. Hence their idea of gauging training needs, sprouted from understanding the variable that went into defining the performance systems of each in dividual employee. Mager and Pipe, suggest analyzing training needs by starting diverseiating a overleap of performance due to skill deficiency, from that due to lack of motivation. 2.4. Integrated advancement to TNALeat and Lovell, propose an approach to understand training needs by combining the various levels of analysis and integrating it into one model.Figure Integrated approach to TNA character reference Taylor and ODriscoll, also attempt to provide an incorporated approach to TNA. This includes an integrating of the O-T-P and performance appraisal approaches to TNA.Figure Integrating OTP and Performance appraisal models to TNA Source2.5. faculty based Approach to TNA An interesting study by Agut, Grau and Peiro , suggested that managerial faculty needs and practiced needs are completely different from each other in the same sample. This study also indicated that the sample did non demand training to meet their need of generic managerial competencies. From this we can understand that a dichotomy does lie between competency needs and technical training needs. Therefore a competency based approach to TNA might not be suitable for all kinds of jobs. It might be more suitable for managerial or executive level jobs where the technical demands are lesser.2.6. Individual or Customized Approach Guthrie and Schwoerer , found that the self assessed training needs were positively influenced by perceptions of training utility, self efficacy, managerial support, and gallus of control positively and negatively influenced by educational level. A study on the individual training needs of music teachers and vocal trainers revealed significant differences in the training demands of the sample. This study also revealed significant differences in the betoken behaviors to be assessed, and assessment statuses needed by the various participants .2.7. Economic approach The economic approach to training advises managers to select and prioritize training needs base d on three criteria the profit improvement they can gain to the organization, the addition to human enceinte and the investmentin human capital to meet future contingencies.3. Need for TNATo develop a healthy and lively long range human resource plan, an organization must first understand the training needs of the firm, the people and the future of the firm in conjunction with cooperative strategic planning. Organizational meeting, personnel review and coiffure review are some of the ways in which an effective training need assessment can be carried out in a firm. 4. Different levels of analysis suggested in the various approaches to TNA McGehee and Thayer, considered three levels of analysis organization, task and man.Morano , suggested looking at the organizations training needs at two levels i.e. organization and man. The three levels suggested by Taylor and ODriscoll include, organization, inter organization and man. Rather than levels of analysis these are actually various categories of training need content. For example, the training needs that arise from a man, a task or the organizational content, can all be analyzed at individual, root or organizational levels. Ostroff, Ford, and Goldstein have described this level-content dichotomy in their study. Their level-content cloth to assess training needs gives a better picture of the levels of TNA.Table train Content Framework of TNA Source 5. Limitations of a conventional TNA Leat and Lovell, questioned the competency of a handed-down TNA in determining training and development needs effectively. They say that a traditional TNA lack the ability to combine the training need analyses at different levels. A few authors have been quoted to say that the traditional TNA is a mechanistic process and its antecedents can be traced back to the industrial revolution over 200 years ago.The rigid behavioral objectives of conventional TNA are anti channeletic to current notions of competence . Knight , says tha t the conventional TNA is not suited to meet the needs of different unique environments i.e. the different patterns of workforce, different cultures, organizational objectives, strategies and resource constraints. Oatey , criticized the conventional approaches to TNA in their lack of ability to issue the specific and general skillsrequirements of a firm.6. Conventional measures of training needs four-spot major approaches were suggested by Kirkpatrick , to gauge the organizations training needs. These include performance appraisals, supervisor tests, supervisor surveys and forming advisory committees with key personnel. Kirkpatrick , gives eleven approaches to form the training needs in an organization. They include looking at an organizations processes and supervisory behavior, analyzing the problems, supervisory actions, and performance appraisals and asking supervisors, superiors and subordinates. As can be seen on closer inspection, these are specific methods to measure train ing needs rather than approaches.Management appraisals, survey, critical incidents analysis, job analysis, assessment centers, psychological tests, skills armory and data obtained while coaching had been some of the conventional methods used by organizations till that time, to understand the prevalent training needs. Otto and Glaser , suggested certain general guidelines to understand the organizations training needs. These included, talking to the staff, gathering opinions from all levels in the firm, talking to other department and organizational heads, and reading a revolution of the industry literature.ConclusionIn todays world the concept of a job itself has become blurred. Todays jobs include concepts as broad banding, multi skilling and path planning. The organizations of this age require a results oriented and deliberate organization strategy. Hence, the TNA in such organizations should also follow suit and be strategic and integrated in its approach. TNA should have direct and unambiguous results. Training should be intentional to build on what employees already know. The present age TNA emphasizes on assisting the employees in their work and careers and helping them achieve greater future proficiency and delight at work.This paper investigates the literature on Training Need Analysis (TNA). The theoretical underpinnings of TNA and the various approaches used in firms are discussed in this paper. The different levels of analyses of training needs and the need for TNA in a firm are also discussed in this paper. The paper also throws light on the limitations of the conventional measures and approaches of TNA. Hence, thepaper directs scholars towards the characteristic requirements of a TNA approach more suited for todays world of work.

Children of the Taliban

Children of the Taliban 1. The g everyplacenment school system has all collapsed. The lack of funding and cohesiveness amongst educators and government has ca used the system to literally crumble. condition buildings are also in war zones and a lot of them are structurally unsafe at this point. They have been replaced by schools of the Taliban. The Taliban actually raise guaranteed food and shelter to the children who attend their schools.Parents will even receive a monthly stipend. While madrassas are usually seminaries that apprise different schools of thought, the Taliban use them to teach radically Islamic fundamentalism. Basically, they are brainwashing children into becoming jihadists or martyrs. On camera the man stated madrassas are used to teach children to play a positive role in society and that tranquillity and love are vital to success. This was not the same explanation when the camera was off. 2.Over a million Pakistanis live in refugee in their proclaim landed estate because the Taliban are such a strong presence, the Pakistani military doesnt have enough resources to provide protection to every citizen. Ironically, the Pakistani array is not so great any as they take over homes if needed. So, to escape war zones, jihadist recruitment, and death, Pakistani citizens are forced to leave their own homes. This is the largest internal displacement of a population of citizens. 3.Because these people have been animation daily with war, many of them have become accustomed to the sound of explosions and gunfire. For example, when the children were organism interviewed, gunshots and bombs went off, yet the two little girls were completely calm. Depending on their influence, people either begin to grow resentment for the Taliban, the Pakistani government, or the United States. When civilians model hurt from U. S. missile strikes, the Taliban use the aftermath to recruit children.